This is the filter that catches stuff!before it is returned to the room from your vacuum cleaner. It doesn't sound very exciting and it isn't something you even notice when it's doing its job. There is a handy guage on the side that tells you when it needs replacing. From what I have seen of a used one, it is definitely stopping a lot of dust in the process. I use genuine Miele bags which filter the air very well themselves so this is catching whatever they didn't catch. The only downside is the price.